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MNG · East Asia & Pacific

Mongolia

3,568,978

Latest official population · 2025

Annual change+44.19K2024 to 2025
Growth since 2000+49.4%from 2.39M
Life expectancy72.4 years2024
Fertility rate2.50births per woman · 2024
Urban population71.1%2025
RegionEast Asia & PacificUpper middle income

A country at every age

How Mongolia is shaped by age.

A younger population means schools, jobs, and future families will shape the decades ahead.

Latest shared source year: 2025
Ages 0–1431.6%Children and early teens
Ages 15–6463.0%Working-age population
Ages 65+5.4%Older population

The population pulse

How the population changes.

Births and deaths show natural change. Migration shows how movement across borders also changes the population.

Birth rate16.9births per 1,000 · 2024
Death rate5.5deaths per 1,000 · 2024
Natural balance+11.4births minus deaths per 1,000
Net migration+79net people estimate · 2025

UN medium projection

What could Mongolia look like in 2050?

If current demographic patterns evolve along the UN's medium scenario, the population could be 4.5M in 2050—29.5% larger than the 2024 UN estimate.

A projection is a scenario, not a prediction or live count.
  1. 20243.48M
  2. 20504.5M
  3. 21005.52M
Median age in 205032.0years
Births in 205068.65Kduring the year
Deaths in 205033.72Kduring the year
Life expectancy77.7years in 2050

Long view

Population through time

Official World Bank annual observations, shown at decade intervals with the latest published year.

  1. 1960977.6K
  2. 19701.3M
  3. 19801.7M
  4. 19902.1M
  5. 20002.39M
  6. 20102.74M
  7. 20203.33M
  8. 20253.57M
SourceWorld Bank Open DataPopulation total · SP.POP.TOTL
Latest population year2025Official annual observation
Future sourceUN WPP 2024Medium projection · 2024–2100
DeliveryReliable snapshotChecked 9/22/2026

Keep exploring

Put Mongolia into context.

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